IN BRIEF:

Conservation and Redundancy of Serine Acetyltransferases

Nancy R. Hofmann

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2281. First Published on September 5, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.200910

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Basal Defense in Arabidopsis: WRKYs Interact with Histone Deacetylase HDA19

Jennifer Mach

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2282. First Published on September 5, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.200911

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A Bioinformatics Approach to Investigating Leaf Development

Nancy A. Eckardt

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2283. First Published on September 30, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.200912

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Coordination of Chloroplast Envelope Division

Gregory Bertoni

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2284. First Published on September 23, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.200913

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Cyclotides: Cyclical Miniproteins with a Cystine Knot Configuration

Jennifer Mach

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2285. First Published on September 30, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.200915

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PERSPECTIVE:

RNase-Based Self-Incompatibility: Puzzled by Pollen S

Ed Newbigin, Timothy Paape, and Joshua R. Kohn

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2286-2292. First Published on September 5, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.060327

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

RESEARCH ARTICLES:

A Protracted and Dynamic Maturation Schedule Underlies Arabidopsis Leaf Development

Idan Efroni, Eyal Blum, Alexander Goldshmidt, and Yuval Eshed

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2293-2306. First Published on September 19, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.107.057521

This work uses transcriptome dynamics during leaf development to generate an algorithm for describing the developmental stage of an organ sample. This algorithm identifies the CIN-TCPs as heterochronic regulators of leaf development, whose fine manipulation can dramatically alter leaf shape and size.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Biochemical Characterization of Arabidopsis Complexes Containing CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 and SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA Proteins in Light Control of Plant Development

Danmeng Zhu, Alexander Maier, Jae-Hoon Lee, Sascha Laubinger, Yusuke Saijo, Haiyang Wang, Li-Jia Qu, Ute Hoecker, and Xing Wang Deng

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2307-2323. First Published on September 23, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.107.056580

This work shows that Arabidopsis COP1 can form an assortment of complexes with the four different SPA proteins. These complexes target key transcription factors for ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation and fine-tune photomorphogenesis in different tissues and under different light conditions.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

LZF1/SALT TOLERANCE HOMOLOG3, an Arabidopsis B-Box Protein Involved in Light-Dependent Development and Gene Expression, Undergoes COP1-Mediated Ubiquitination

Sourav Datta, Henrik Johansson, Chamari Hettiarachchi, María Luisa Irigoyen, Mintu Desai, Vicente Rubio, and Magnus Holm

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2324-2338. First Published on September 16, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.061747

SALT TOLERANCE HOMOLOG3 (STH3) is identified as a positive regulator of light-dependent development in Arabidopsis. STH3 acts in concert with other positive regulators, such as STH2 and HY5, while at the same time being a target of COP1-mediated ubiquitination.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Chloroplast Signaling and LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 Regulate Crosstalk between Light Acclimation and Immunity in Arabidopsis

Per Mühlenbock, Magdalena Szechynska-Hebda, Marian Plaszczyca, Marcela Baudo, Philip M. Mullineaux, Jane E. Parker, Barbara Karpinska, and Stanislaw Karpinski

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2339-2356. First Published on September 12, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.059618

Programmed cell death is an important mechanism in cellular homeostasis and immunity against pathogens. This study demonstrates that acclimatory and basal defense strategies are orchestrated via a genetic system that regulates programmed cell death and acts as a hub between redox signals from the chloroplast and reactive oxygen species/hormonal signals arising from the specific stress response.

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Arabidopsis WRKY38 and WRKY62 Transcription Factors Interact with Histone Deacetylase 19 in Basal Defense

Kang-Chang Kim, Zhibing Lai, Baofang Fan, and Zhixiang Chen

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2357-2371. First Published on September 5, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.107.055566

This work shows that the Arabidopsis transcription factors WRKY38 and WRKY62 physically interact with histone deacetylase HDA19. WRKY38 and 62 are induced by SA and pathogen infection but act as negative regulators of basal defense. HDA19 is also induced by infection but acts in opposition to WRKY38 and 62; these interactions may temper the response to pathogens.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Sexual and Apomictic Seed Formation in Hieracium Requires the Plant Polycomb-Group Gene FERTILIZATION INDEPENDENT ENDOSPERM

Julio C.M. Rodrigues, Matthew R. Tucker, Susan D. Johnson, Maria Hrmova, and Anna M.G. Koltunow

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2372-2386. First Published on September 23, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.059287

Double fertilization is required during sexual reproduction in plants to activate embryo and endosperm formation in seed development. In Arabidopsis, a repressive protein complex blocks seed initiation in the absence of fertilization. This complex has altered yet essential function in the daisy-like Hieracium, where fertilization is required in sexual species but bypassed in apomicts.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

MATERNALLY EXPRESSED PAB C-TERMINAL, a Novel Imprinted Gene in Arabidopsis, Encodes the Conserved C-Terminal Domain of Polyadenylate Binding Proteins

Sushma Tiwari, Reiner Schulz, Yoko Ikeda, Lindsay Dytham, Jaime Bravo, Lucille Mathers, Melissa Spielman, Plinio Guzmán, Rebecca J. Oakey, Tetsu Kinoshita, and Rod J. Scott

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2387-2398. First Published on September 16, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.061929

A small number of genes involved in seed development in flowering plants is expressed from only one parental copy in a process termed genomic imprinting. Here, we describe only the fifth such gene discovered in Arabidopsis and show how gene expression is regulated by methylation of the paternal allele. Reduction of gene function by RNA interference causes delayed and abnormal seed development.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

A Gender-Specific Retinoblastoma-Related Protein in Volvox carteri Implies a Role for the Retinoblastoma Protein Family in Sexual Development Arash Kianianmomeni, Ghazaleh Nematollahi, and Armin Hallmann Plant Cell 2008 20: 2399-2419. First Published on September 12, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.107.057836 RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED PROTEIN1 (RBR1) of the green alga Volvox carteri is related to the human retinoblastoma protein, which is a key nuclear regulator. This study shows that RBR1 occurs only in females and that transgenic males expressing RBR1 have enlarged reproductive cells, altered growth characteristics, and a prolonged embryogenesis. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

Genetic Analysis Reveals That C₁₉-GA 2-Oxidation Is a Major Gibberellin Inactivation Pathway in Arabidopsis

Ivo Rieu, Sven Eriksson, Stephen J. Powers, Fan Gong, Jayne Griffiths, Lindsey Woolley, Reyes Benlloch, Ove Nilsson, Stephen G. Thomas, Peter Hedden, and Andrew L. Phillips

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2420-2436. First Published on September 19, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.058818

Gibberellins (GAs) play a major role in plant growth and development, and bioactive concentrations of these hormones are tightly regulated. Quintuple null mutants that lack C₁₉-GA 2-oxidase activity reveal that this is a major GA inactivation mechanism in Arabidopsis affecting multiple developmental processes.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Release of the Repressive Activity of Rice DELLA Protein SLR1 by Gibberellin Does Not Require SLR1 Degradation in the gid2 Mutant

Miyako Ueguchi-Tanaka, Ko Hirano, Yasuko Hasegawa, Hidemi Kitano, and Makoto Matsuoka

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2437-2446. First Published on September 30, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.061648

The rice DELLA protein SLR1 acts as a repressor of gibberellin (GA) signaling, and its degradation with aid of the SCF^GID2 complex has been considered to be essential for releasing the suppressive state of SLR1. Here, we demonstrate that there is an alternative way to derepress the repressive activity of SLR1 that is mediated only by GA and GID1, a GA receptor, and does not depend on GID2.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Proteolysis-Independent Downregulation of DELLA Repression in Arabidopsis by the Gibberellin Receptor GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1

Tohru Ariizumi, Kohji Murase, Tai-ping Sun, and Camille M. Steber

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2447-2459. First Published on September 30, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.058487

Gibberellin (GA) stimulates plant growth and flowering by lifting DELLA repression of GA responses. This derepression is achieved not only through destruction of DELLA by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway but is found in this work to occur also via a proteolysis-independent mechanism involving interaction of DELLA with the GA receptor GID1.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Arabidopsis ARC6 Coordinates the Division Machineries of the Inner and Outer Chloroplast Membranes through Interaction with PDV2 in the Intermembrane Space

Jonathan M. Glynn, John E. Froehlich, and Katherine W. Osteryoung

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2460-2470. First Published on September 23, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.061440

The authors demonstrate the physical interaction of chloroplast division components across the envelope membranes. Interaction occurs in the intermembrane space between an endosymbiont-derived protein within the inner envelope (ARC6) and a host-derived protein within the outer envelope (PDV2). This interaction is proposed to connect stromal FtsZ ring assembly to cytosolic ARC5/dynamin activity.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Distribution and Evolution of Circular Miniproteins in Flowering Plants

Christian W. Gruber, Alysha G. Elliott, David C. Ireland, Piero G. Delprete, Steven Dessein, Ulf Göransson, Manuela Trabi, Conan K. Wang, Andrew B. Kinghorn, Elmar Robbrecht, and David J. Craik

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2471-2483. First Published on September 30, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.062331

Cyclotides are circular miniproteins with three conserved disulfide bonds in a knotted arrangement. This study examines the mechanism of cyclotide evolution by systematically screening for cyclotides in hundreds of key species, finding that cyclotides are a surprisingly large and varied protein family that likely evolved independently in plant families.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Comparative Genomics and Reverse Genetics Analysis Reveal Indispensable Functions of the Serine Acetyltransferase Gene Family in Arabidopsis Mutsumi Watanabe, Keiichi Mochida, Tomohiko Kato, Satoshi Tabata, Naoko Yoshimoto, Masaaki Noji, and Kazuki Saito Plant Cell 2008 20: 2484-2496. First Published on September 5, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.060335 Ser acetyltransferase is a key enzyme in the Cys biosynthetic pathway. Evolutionary analysis and comprehensive examination of single and multiple knockout mutants of all five members in the Arabidopsis SERAT gene family demonstrate the essential role of this gene family for plant viability and define the extent of contribution of each member to Cys synthesis in vivo. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

Transport and Sorting of the Solanum tuberosum Sucrose Transporter SUT1 Is Affected by Posttranslational Modification

Undine Krügel, Liesbeth M. Veenhoff, Jennifer Langbein, Elena Wiederhold, Johannes Liesche, Thomas Friedrich, Bernhard Grimm, Enrico Martinoia, Bert Poolman, and Christina Kühn

Plant Cell 2008 20: 2497-2513. First Published on September 12, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.058271

This work shows that the activity, dimerization, and targeting of the plant sucrose transporter SUT1 is redox dependent. Thus, with its phloem localization, SUT1 represents a potential link between redox signaling and sucrose signaling in plants.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Mutation of the Arabidopsis NRT1.5 Nitrate Transporter Causes Defective Root-to-Shoot Nitrate Transport Shan-Hua Lin, Hui-Fen Kuo, Geneviève Canivenc, Choun-Sea Lin, Marc Lepetit, Po-Kai Hsu, Pascal Tillard, Huey-Ling Lin, Ya-Yun Wang, Chyn-Bey Tsai, Alain Gojon, and Yi-Fang Tsay Plant Cell 2008 20: 2514-2528. First Published on September 9, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.060244 Root-to-shoot nitrate translocation affects the energy cost of nitrate assimilation. This study shows that the Arabidopsis proton-coupled nitrate transporter NRT1.5 can transport nitrate in both directions and export nitrate out of pericycle cells into the xylem. This implies that there is a regulatory link between root-to-shoot nitrate transport and xylem pH. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

NAI2 Is an Endoplasmic Reticulum Body Component That Enables ER Body Formation in Arabidopsis thaliana Kenji Yamada, Atsushi J. Nagano, Momoko Nishina, Ikuko Hara-Nishimura, and Mikio Nishimura Plant Cell 2008 20: 2529-2540. First Published on September 9, 2008; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.059345 The ER body in Arabidopsis is a spindle-shaped structure that accumulates PYK10, a β-glucosidase. This work shows that NAI2, a protein unique to the Brassicaceae, was localized to the ER body. NAI2 deficiency caused the disappearance of the ER body and a reduction in the PYK10 level, indicating that NAI2 is a key factor for ER body formation and for PYK10 accumulation in Arabidopsis ER bodies. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

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