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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on April 8, 2008; 10.1105/tpc.107.056457

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Received October 22, 2007
Returned for revision March 19, 2008
Accepted March 25, 2008

Histone Acetylation and Chromatin Remodeling Are Required for UV-B–Dependent Transcriptional Activation of Regulated Genes in Maize

Paula Casati 1*, Mabel Campi 1, Feixia Chu 2, Nagi Suzuki 2, David Maltby 2, Shenheng Guan 2, Alma L. Burlingame 2, and Virginia Walbot 3

1 Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
3 Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: casati{at}cefobi.gov.ar.

The nuclear proteomes of maize (Zea mays) lines that differ in UV-B tolerance were compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis after UV light treatment. Differential accumulation of chromatin proteins, particularly histones, constituted the largest class identified by mass spectrometry. UV-B–tolerant landraces and the B73 inbred line show twice as many protein changes as the UV-B–sensitive b, pl W23 inbred line and transgenic maize expressing RNA interference constructs directed against chromatin factors. Mass spectrometic analysis of posttranslational modifications on histone proteins demonstrates that UV-B–tolerant lines exhibit greater acetylation on N-terminal tails of histones H3 and H4 after irradiation. These acetylated histones are enriched in the promoter and transcribed regions of the two UV-B–upregulated genes examined; radiation-sensitive lines lack this enrichment. DNase I and micrococcal nuclease hypersensitivity assays indicate that chromatin adopts looser structures around the selected genes in the UV-B–tolerant samples. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments identified additional chromatin factor changes associated with the nfc102 test gene after UV-B treatment in radiation-tolerant lines. Chromatin remodeling is thus shown to be a key process in acclimation to UV-B, and lines deficient in this process are more sensitive to UV-B.






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