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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 9, Issue 8 1317-1326, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
A Deletion in the PHYD Gene of the Arabidopsis Wassilewskija Ecotype Defines a Role for Phytochrome D in Red/Far-Red Light Sensing
M. J. Aukerman, M. Hirschfeld, L. Wester, M. Weaver, T. Clack, R. M. Amasino and R. A. Sharrock
Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
The PHYD gene of the Wassilewskija (Ws) ecotype of Arabidopsis contains a
14-bp deletion (the phyD-1 mutation) beginning at amino acid 29 of the
reading frame, resulting in translation termination at a nonsense codon 138
nucleotides downstream of the deletion end point. Immunoblot analyses
showed that Ws lacks phyD but contains normal levels of phyA, phyB, and
phyC. By backcrossing into the Ws and Landsberg erecta genetic backgrounds,
we constructed sibling pairs of PHYD+ and phyD-1 lines and of phyB- PHYD+
and phyB- phyD- lines. Hypocotyl lengths after growth under white or red
light increased sequentially in strains that were B+D+, B+D-, B-D+, and
B-D-. In the Ws genetic background, an increase in petiole length, a
reduction in cotyledon area and in anthocyanin accumulation in seedling
stems, a diminished effect of an end-of-day pulse of far-red light on
hypocotyl elongation, and a decrease in the number of rosette leaves at the
onset of flowering were also seen sequentially in these lines. Thus, phyD,
which is ~80% identical in amino acid sequence to phyB, acts in conjunction
with phyB in regulating many shade avoidance responses. The existence of
the apparently naturally occurring phyD-1 mutation indicates that phyD is
not essential in some natural environments.
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