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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 9, Issue 3 425-439, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists

RESEARCH ARTICLE

The Arabidopsis NIM1 Protein Shows Homology to the Mammalian Transcription Factor Inhibitor I[kappa]B

J. Ryals, K. Weymann, K. Lawton, L. Friedrich, D. Ellis, H. Y. Steiner, J. Johnson, T. P. Delaney, T. Jesse, P. Vos and S. Uknes
Biotechnology and Genomics Center, Novartis Crop Protection, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709-2257

The NIM1(for noninducible immunity) gene product is involved in the signal transduction cascade leading to both systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and gene-for-gene disease resistance in Arabidopsis. We have isolated and characterized five new alleles of nim1 that show a range of phenotypes from weakly impaired in chemically induced pathogenesis-related protein-1 gene expression and fungal resistance to very strongly blocked. We have isolated the NIM1 gene by using a map-based cloning procedure. Interestingly, the NIM1 protein shows sequence homology to the mammalian signal transduction factor I[kappa]B subclass [alpha]. NF-[kappa]B/I[kappa]B signaling pathways are implicated in disease resistance responses in a range of organisms from Drosophila to mammals, suggesting that the SAR signaling pathway in plants is representative of an ancient and ubiquitous defense mechanism in higher organisms.


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