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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 9 1491-1503, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Expression of an N-Terminal Fragment of COP1 Confers a Dominant-Negative Effect on Light-Regulated Seedling Development in Arabidopsis
T. W. McNellis, K. U. Torii and X. W. Deng
Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8104
CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1) is an essential regulatory gene that
plays a role in light control of seedling development in Arabidopsis. The
COP1 protein possesses three recognizable structural domains: a RING finger
zinc binding domain near the N terminus, followed by a coiled-coil domain
and a domain with WD-40 repeats in the C-terminal half. To determine
whether COP1 acts specifically as a light-inactivable repressor of
photomorphogenic development and to elucidate the functional roles of the
specific structural domains, mutant cDNAs encoding the N-terminal 282 amino
acids (N282) of COP1 were expressed and analyzed in transgenic plants.
High-level expression of the N282 fragment caused a dominant-negative
phenotype similar to that of the loss-of-function cop1 mutants. The
phenotypic characteristics include hypersensitivity of hypocotyl elongation
to inhibition by white, blue, red, and far-red light stimuli. In the dark,
N282 expression led to pleiotropic photomorphogenic cotyledon development,
including cellular differentiation, plastid development, and gene
expression, although it has no significant effect on the hypocotyl
elongation. However, N282 expression had a minimal effect on the expression
of stress- and pathogen-inducible genes. These observations support the
hypothesis that COP1 is directly involved in the light control of seedling
development and that it acts as a repressor of photomorphogenesis. Further,
the results imply that the N282 COP1 fragment, which contains the zinc
binding and coiled-coil domains, is capable of interacting with either
downstream targets or with the endogenous wild-type COP1, thus interfering
with normal regulatory processes. The fact the N282 is able to interact
with N282 and full-length COP1 in yeast provided evidence for the latter
possibility.
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