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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 6 1013-1025, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
A Null Mutation in the First Enzyme of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Does Not Affect Male Fertility in Arabidopsis
I. E. Burbulis, M. Iacobucci and B. W. Shirley
Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0406
Flavonoids are a major class of secondary metabolites that serves a
multitude of functions in higher plants, including a recently discovered
role in male fertility. Surprisingly, Arabidopsis plants deficient in
flavonoid biosynthesis appear to be fully fertile. Using RNA gel blot
analysis and polymerase chain reaction-based assays, we have shown that a
mutation at the 3[prime] splice acceptor site in the Arabidopsis chalcone
synthase gene completely disrupts synthesis of the active form of the
enzyme. We also confirmed that this enzyme, which catalyzes the first step
of flavonoid biosynthesis, is encoded by a single-copy gene. HPLC analysis
of whole flowers and stamens was used to show that plants homozygous for
the splice site mutation are completely devoid of flavonoids. This work
provides compelling evidence that despite the high levels of these
compounds in the pollen of most plant species, flavonoids are not
universally required for fertility. The role of flavonoids in plant
reproduction may therefore offer an example of convergent functional
evolution in secondary metabolism.
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