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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 5 805-814, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Origin of Allelic Diversity in Antirrhinum S Locus RNases
Y. Xue, R. Carpenter, H. G. Dickinson and E. S. Coen
Department of Genetics, John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
In many plant species, self-incompatibility (SI) is genetically controlled
by a single multiallelic S locus. Previous analysis of S alleles in the
Solanaceae, in which S locus ribonucleases (S RNases) are responsible for
stylar expression of SI, has demonstrated that allelic diversity predated
speciation within this family. To understand how allelic diversity has
evolved, we investigated the molecular basis of gametophytic SI in
Antirrhinum, a member of the Scrophulariaceae, which is closely related to
the Solanaceae. We have characterized three Antirrhinum cDNAs encoding
polypeptides homologous to S RNases and shown that they are encoded by
genes at the S locus. RNA in situ hybridization revealed that the
Antirrhinum S RNases are primarily expressed in the stylar transmitting
tissue. This expression is consistent with their proposed role in arresting
the growth of self-pollen tubes. S alleles from the Scrophulariaceae form a
separate group from those of the Solanaceae, indicating that new S alleles
have been generated since these families separated (~40 million years). We
propose that the recruitment of an ancestral RNase gene into SI occurred
during an early stage of angiosperm evolution and that, since that time,
new alleles subsequently have arisen at a low rate.
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