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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 5 771-781, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Regulatory Genes Controlling MPG1 Expression and Pathogenicity in the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe grisea
G. Lau and J. E. Hamer
Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906
MPG1, a pathogenicity gene of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea, is
expressed during pathogenesis and in axenic culture during nitrogen or
glucose limitation. We initiated a search for regulatory mutations that
would impair nitrogen metabolism, MPG1 gene expression, and pathogenicity.
First, we developed a pair of laboratory strains that were highly fertile
and pathogenic toward barley. Using a combinatorial genetic screen, we
identified mutants that failed to utilize a wide range of nitrogen sources
(e.g., nitrate or amino acids) and then tested the effect of these
mutations on pathogenicity. We identified five mutants and designated them
Nr- (for nitrogen regulation defective). We show that two of these
mutations define two genes, designated NPR1 and NPR2 (for nitrogen
pathogenicity regulation), that are essential for pathogenicity and the
utilization of many nitrogen sources. These genes are nonallelic to the
major nitrogen regulatory gene in M. grisea and are required for expression
of the pathogenicity gene MPG1. We propose that NPR1 and NPR2 are major
regulators of pathogenicity in M. grisea and may be novel regulators of
nitrogen metabolism in fungi.
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