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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 11 2067-2077, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
An Octadecanoid Pathway Mutant (JL5) of Tomato Is Compromised in Signaling for Defense against Insect Attack
G. A. Howe, J. Lightner, J. Browse and C. A. Ryan
Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340
The activation of defense genes in tomato plants has been shown to be
mediated by an octadecanoic acid-based signaling pathway in response to
herbivore attack or other mechanical wounding. We report here that a tomato
mutant (JL5) deficient in the activation of wound-inducible defense genes
is also compromised in resistance toward the lepidopteran predator Manduca
sexta (tobacco hornworm). Thus, we propose the name defenseless1 (def1) for
the mutation in the JL5 line that mediates this altered defense response.
In experiments designed to define the normal function of DEF1, we found
that def1 plants are defective in defense gene signaling initiated by
prosystemin overexpression in transgenic plants as well as by
oligosaccharide (chitosan and polygalacturonide) and polypeptide (systemin)
elicitors. Supplementation of plants through their cut stems with
intermediates of the octadecanoid pathway indicates that def1 plants are
affected in octadecanoid metabolism between the synthesis of
hydroperoxylinolenic acid and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. Consistent with
this defect, def1 plants are also compromised in their ability to
accumulate jasmonic acid, the end product of the pathway, in response to
wounding and the aforementioned elicitors. Taken together, these results
show that octadecanoid metabolism plays an essential role in the
transduction of upstream wound signals to the activation of antiherbivore
plant defenses.
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