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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 11 1977-1989, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
The MADS Domain Protein AGL15 Localizes to the Nucleus during Early Stages of Seed Development
S. E. Perry, K. W. Nichols and D. E. Fernandez
Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Little is known about regulatory factors that act during the earliest
stages of plant embryogenesis. The MADS domain protein AGL15 (for
AGAMOUS-like) is expressed preferentially during embryogenesis and
accumulates during early seed development in monocotyledonous and
dicotyledonous flowering plants. AGL15-specific antibodies and
immunohistochemistry were used to demonstrate that AGL15 accumulates before
fertilization in the cytoplasm in the cells of the egg apparatus and moves
into the nucleus during early stages of development in the suspensor,
embryo, and endosperm. Relatively high levels of AGL15 are present in the
nuclei during embryo morphogenesis and until the seeds start to dry in
Brassica, maize, and Arabidopsis. AGL15 is associated with the chromosomes
during mitosis, and gel mobility shift assays were used to demonstrate that
AGL15 binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner. To assess whether AGL15 is
likely to play a role in specifying the seed or embryonic phase of
development, AGL15 accumulation was examined in Arabidopsis mutants that
prematurely exit embryogenesis. lec1-2 mutants show an embryo-specific loss
of AGL15 at the transition stage, suggesting that AGL15 interacts with
regulators in the leafy cotyledons pathway.
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