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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 2, Issue 11 1121-1128, Copyright © 1990 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Molecular Characterization of a Nonautonomous Transposable Element (dTph1) of Petunia
AGM. Gerats, H. Huits, E. Vrijlandt, C. Marana, E. Souer and M. Beld
Department of Genetics, Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
An insertion sequence of 283 base pairs has been isolated from the DFR-C
gene (dihydroflavonol-4-reductase) of petunia. This insert was found only
in a line unstable for the An1 locus (anthocyanin 1, located on chromosome
VI) and not in fully pigmented progenitor and revertant lines or in stable
white derivative lines. This implies that the An1 locus encodes the DFR-C
gene. The unstable An1 system in the line W138 is known to be a two-element
system, the autonomous element being located on chromosome I. In the
presence of the autonomous element, W138 flowers exhibit a characteristic
pattern of red revertant spots and sectors on a white background. In the
absence of the autonomous element, the W138 allele gives rise to a stable
recessive (white) phenotype. Sequence analysis of progenitor, unstable, and
revertant alleles revealed dTph1 to contain perfect terminal inverted
repeats of 12 base pairs. In DFR-C, it is flanked by an 8-base pair target
site duplication. Sequences homologous to dTph1 are present in at least 50
copies in the line W138. Sequence analysis of An1 revertant alleles
indicated that excision, including removal of the target site duplication,
is required for reversion to the wild-type phenotype. Derivative stable
recessive alleles showed excision of dTph1 and a rearrangement of the
target site duplication. dTph1 is the smallest transposable element
described to date that is still capable of transposition. The use of dTph1
in tagging experiments and subsequent gene isolation is discussed.
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