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First published online February 10, 2005; 10.1105/tpc.104.029603

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The Plant Cell 17:957-970 (2005)
© 2005 American Society of Plant Biologists

Different Signaling and Cell Death Roles of Heterotrimeric G Protein {alpha} and ß Subunits in the Arabidopsis Oxidative Stress Response to Ozone{boxw}

Junghee H. Jooa, Shiyu Wanga, J.G. Chenb, A.M. Jonesb,c and Nina V. Fedoroffa,1

a Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences and Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
b Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
c Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail nvf1{at}psu.edu; fax 814-863-1357.

Arabidopsis thaliana plants with null mutations in the genes encoding the {alpha} and ß subunits of the single heterotrimeric G protein are less and more sensitive, respectively, to O3 damage than wild-type Columbia-0 plants. The first peak of the bimodal oxidative burst elicited by O3 in wild-type plants is almost entirely missing in both mutants. The late peak is normal in plants lacking the Gß protein but missing in plants lacking the G{alpha} protein. Endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) are first detectable in chloroplasts of leaf epidermal guard cells. ROS production in adjacent cells is triggered by extracellular ROS signals produced by guard cell membrane-associated NADPH oxidases encoded by the AtrbohD and AtrbohF genes. The late, tissue damage–associated component of the oxidative burst requires only the G{alpha} protein and arises from multiple cellular sources. The early component of the oxidative burst, arising primarily from chloroplasts, requires signaling through the heterotrimer (or the Gß{gamma} complex) and is separable from G{alpha}-mediated activation of membrane-bound NADPH oxidases necessary for both intercellular signaling and cell death.




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