First published online March 22, 2004; 10.1105/tpc.018754
The Plant Cell 16:1021-1034 (2004)
© 2004 American Society of Plant Biologists
Arabidopsis Histone Deacetylase HDA6 Is Required for Maintenance of Transcriptional Gene Silencing and Determines Nuclear Organization of rDNA Repeats
Aline V. Probsta,b,1,
Mathilde Fagardc,2,
Florence Prouxc,3,
Philippe Mourrainc,4,
Stéphanie Boutetc,5,
Keith Earleyd,
Richard J. Lawrenced,
Craig S. Pikaardd,
Jane Murfette,
Ian Furnerf,
Hervé Vaucheretc and
Ortrun Mittelsten Scheida,6
a Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
b Laboratory of Plant Genetics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
c Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France
d Biology Department, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
e Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
f Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, United Kingdom
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail aline.probst{at}bioveg.unige.ch; fax 41-22-379-31-07.
Histone acetylation and deacetylation are connected with transcriptional activation and silencing in many eukaryotic organisms. Gene families for enzymes that accomplish these modifications show a surprising multiplicity in sequence and expression levels, suggesting a high specificity for different targets. We show that mutations in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) HDA6, a putative class I histone deacetylase gene, result in loss of transcriptional silencing from several repetitive transgenic and endogenous templates. Surprisingly, total levels of histone H4 acetylation are only slightly affected, whereas significant hyperacetylation is restricted to the nucleolus organizer regions that contain the rDNA repeats. This switch coincides with an increase of histone 3 methylation at Lys residue 4, a modified DNA methylation pattern, and a concomitant decondensation of the chromatin. These results indicate that HDA6 might play a role in regulating activity of rRNA genes, and this control might be functionally linked to silencing of other repetitive templates and to its previously assigned role in RNA-directed DNA methylation.
This article has been cited by other articles:

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Castro, M. Motto, V. Rossi, and C. Manetti
Variation of metabolic profiles in developing maize kernels up- and down-regulated for the hda101 gene
J. Exp. Bot.,
October 10, 2008;
(2008)
ern239v2.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. Wu, L. Zhang, C. Zhou, C.-W. Yu, and V. Chaikam
HDA6 is required for jasmonate response, senescence and flowering in Arabidopsis
J. Exp. Bot.,
February 1, 2008;
59(2):
225 - 234.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Tanaka, A. Kikuchi, and H. Kamada
The Arabidopsis Histone Deacetylases HDA6 and HDA19 Contribute to the Repression of Embryonic Properties after Germination
Plant Physiology,
January 1, 2008;
146(1):
149 - 161.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. Matyasek, J. A. Tate, Y. K. Lim, H. Srubarova, J. Koh, A. R. Leitch, D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis, and A. Kovarik
Concerted Evolution of rDNA in Recently Formed Tragopogon Allotetraploids Is Typically Associated With an Inverse Correlation Between Gene Copy Number and Expression
Genetics,
August 1, 2007;
176(4):
2509 - 2519.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
I. Vaillant, S. Tutois, C. Cuvillier, I. Schubert, and S. Tourmente
Regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana 5S rRNA Genes
Plant Cell Physiol.,
May 1, 2007;
48(5):
745 - 752.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
I. Grummt
Different epigenetic layers engage in complex crosstalk to define the epigenetic state of mammalian rRNA genes
Hum. Mol. Genet.,
April 15, 2007;
16(R1):
R21 - R27.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
V. Rossi, S. Locatelli, S. Varotto, G. Donn, R. Pirona, D. A. Henderson, H. Hartings, and M. Motto
Maize Histone Deacetylase hda101 Is Involved in Plant Development, Gene Transcription, and Sequence-Specific Modulation of Histone Modification of Genes and Repeats
PLANT CELL,
April 1, 2007;
19(4):
1145 - 1162.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
X. Yang, L. Timofejeva, H. Ma, and C. A. Makaroff
The Arabidopsis SKP1 homolog ASK1 controls meiotic chromosome remodeling and release of chromatin from the nuclear membrane and nucleolus
J. Cell Sci.,
September 15, 2006;
119(18):
3754 - 3763.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Li, J. E. Mueller, and M. Bryk
Sir2 Represses Endogenous Polymerase II Transcription Units in the Ribosomal DNA Nontranscribed Spacer
Mol. Biol. Cell,
September 1, 2006;
17(9):
3848 - 3859.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. M. McGinnis, C. Springer, Y. Lin, C. C. Carey, and V. Chandler
Transcriptionally Silenced Transgenes in Maize Are Activated by Three Mutations Defective in Paramutation
Genetics,
July 1, 2006;
173(3):
1637 - 1647.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
B. McStay
Nucleolar dominance: a model for rRNA gene silencing.
Genes & Dev.,
May 15, 2006;
20(10):
1207 - 1214.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. Earley, R. J. Lawrence, O. Pontes, R. Reuther, A. J. Enciso, M. Silva, N. Neves, M. Gross, W. Viegas, and C. S. Pikaard
Erasure of histone acetylation by Arabidopsis HDA6 mediates large-scale gene silencing in nucleolar dominance
Genes & Dev.,
May 15, 2006;
20(10):
1283 - 1293.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Ono, H. Kaya, S. Takeda, M. Abe, Y. Ogawa, M. Kato, T. Kakutani, O. M. Scheid, T. Araki, and K.-i. Shibahara
Chromatin assembly factor 1 ensures the stable maintenance of silent chromatin states in Arabidopsis
Genes Cells,
February 1, 2006;
11(2):
153 - 162.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. Xia, J. Wang, C. Liu, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, J. Zhai, J. Liu, X. Hong, X. Cao, J.-K. Zhu, et al.
ROR1/RPA2A, a Putative Replication Protein A2, Functions in Epigenetic Gene Silencing and in Regulation of Meristem Development in Arabidopsis
PLANT CELL,
January 1, 2006;
18(1):
85 - 103.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. T. GRANT-DOWNTON and H. G. DICKINSON
Epigenetics and its Implications for Plant Biology. 1. The Epigenetic Network in Plants
Ann. Bot.,
December 1, 2005;
96(7):
1143 - 1164.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
E. A. Wiley, T. Myers, K. Parker, T. Braun, and M.-C. Yao
Class I Histone Deacetylase Thd1p Affects Nuclear Integrity in Tetrahymena thermophila
Eukaryot. Cell,
May 1, 2005;
4(5):
981 - 990.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Zhou, L. Zhang, J. Duan, B. Miki, and K. Wu
HISTONE DEACETYLASE19 Is Involved in Jasmonic Acid and Ethylene Signaling of Pathogen Response in Arabidopsis
PLANT CELL,
April 1, 2005;
17(4):
1196 - 1204.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
P. S.C.F. Rocha, M. Sheikh, R. Melchiorre, M. Fagard, S. Boutet, R. Loach, B. Moffatt, C. Wagner, H. Vaucheret, and I. Furner
The Arabidopsis HOMOLOGY-DEPENDENT GENE SILENCING1 Gene Codes for an S-Adenosyl-L-Homocysteine Hydrolase Required for DNA Methylation-Dependent Gene Silencing
PLANT CELL,
February 1, 2005;
17(2):
404 - 417.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. Tian, M. P. Fong, J. J. Wang, N. E. Wei, H. Jiang, R. W. Doerge, and Z. J. Chen
Reversible Histone Acetylation and Deacetylation Mediate Genome-Wide, Promoter-Dependent and Locus-Specific Changes in Gene Expression During Plant Development
Genetics,
January 1, 2005;
169(1):
337 - 345.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
L. Johnson, S. Mollah, B. A. Garcia, T. L. Muratore, J. Shabanowitz, D. F. Hunt, and S. E. Jacobsen
Mass spectrometry analysis of Arabidopsis histone H3 reveals distinct combinations of post-translational modifications
Nucleic Acids Res.,
December 14, 2004;
32(22):
6511 - 6518.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
D. Chen, A. S. Belmont, and S. Huang
Upstream binding factor association induces large-scale chromatin decondensation
PNAS,
October 19, 2004;
101(42):
15106 - 15111.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
O. Mathieu and J. Bender
RNA-directed DNA methylation
J. Cell Sci.,
October 1, 2004;
117(21):
4881 - 4888.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
J. BENDER
DNA Methylation of the Endogenous PAI Genes in Arabidopsis
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol,
January 1, 2004;
69(0):
145 - 154.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
 |
|
|
|