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The Plant Cell, Vol. 13, 2809-2822, December 2001, Copyright © 2001,
American Society of Plant Biologists

AUX/IAA Proteins Are Active Repressors, and Their Stability and Activity Are Modulated by Auxin

Shiv B. Tiwari, Xiao-Jun Wang, Gretchen Hagen and Tom J. Guilfoyle1

Department of Biochemistry, 117 Schweitzer Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail guilfoylet{at}missouri.edu; fax 573-882-5635

Aux/IAA genes are early auxin response genes that encode short-lived nuclear proteins with four conserved domains, referred to as I, II, III, and IV. Arabidopsis Aux/IAA proteins repressed transcription on auxin-responsive reporter genes in protoplast transfection assays. Mutations in domain II resulted in increased repression, whereas mutations in domains I and III partially relieved repression. Aux/IAA proteins fused to a heterologous DNA binding domain were targeted to promoters of constitutively expressed reporter genes and actively repressed transcription in an auxin-responsive and dose-dependent manner. In comparison with an unfused luciferase protein, luciferase fused to Aux/IAA proteins displayed less luciferase activity, which further decreased in the presence of auxin in transfected protoplasts. Domain II mutations increased and domain I mutations decreased luciferase activity with the fusion proteins. These results suggested that Aux/IAA proteins function as active repressors by dimerizing with auxin response factors bound to auxin response elements and that early auxin response genes are regulated by auxin-modulated stabilities of Aux/IAA proteins.




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