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Plant Cell, Vol. 11, 1179-1190, June 1999, Copyright © 1999, American Society of Plant Physiologists

Sac3, an Snf1-like Serine/Threonine Kinase That Positively and Negatively Regulates the Responses of Chlamydomonas to Sulfur Limitation

John P. Daviesa, Fitnat H. Yildizb, and Arthur R. Grossmanc
a Department of Botany, 353 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1020
b Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
c Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, California 94305

Correspondence to: John P. Davies, jdavies{at}iastate.edu (E-mail), 515-294-1337 (fax)

The Sac3 gene product of Chlamydomonas positively and negatively regulates the responses of the cell to sulfur limitation. In wild-type cells, arylsulfatase activity is detected only during sulfur limitation. The sac3 mutant expresses arylsulfatase activity even when grown in nutrient-replete medium, which suggests that the Sac3 protein has a negative effect on the induction of arylsulfatase activity. In contrast to its effect on arylsulfatase activity, Sac3 positively regulates the high-affinity sulfate transport system—the sac3 mutant is unable to fully induce high-affinity sulfate transport during sulfur limitation. We have complemented the sac3 mutant and cloned a cDNA copy of the Sac3 gene. The deduced amino acid sequence of the Sac3 gene product is similar to the catalytic domain of the yeast Snf1 family of serine/threonine kinases and is therefore classified as a Snf1-related kinase (SnRK). Specifically, Sac3 falls within the SnRK2 subfamily of kinases from vascular plants. In addition to the 11 subdomains common to Snf1-like serine/threonine kinases, Sac3 and the plant kinases have two additional subdomains and a highly acidic C-terminal region. The role of Sac3 in the signal transduction system that regulates the responses of Chlamydomonas to sulfur limitation is discussed.




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