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Plant Cell, Vol. 11, 2331-2348, December 1999, Copyright © 1999, American Society of Plant Physiologists

Organized F-Actin Is Essential for Normal Trichome Morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

Daniel B. Szymanskia, M. David Marksb,c,d, and Susan M. Wickc
a Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, 1150 Lilly Hall of Life Sciences, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1150
b Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Minnesota, 1445 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108-1095
c Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
d Plant Molecular Genetics Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108

Correspondence to: Daniel B. Szymanski, dszyman{at}purdue.edu (E-mail), 765-496-2926 (fax)

Actin microfilaments form a three-dimensional cytoskeletal network throughout the cell and constitute an essential throughway for organelle and vesicle transport. Development of Arabidopsis trichomes, unicellular structures derived from the epidermis, is being used as a genetic system in which to study actin-dependent growth in plant cells. The present study indicates that filamentous actin (F-actin) plays an important role during Arabidopsis trichome morphogenesis. For example, immunolocalization of actin filaments during trichome morphogenesis identified rearrangements of the cytoskeletal structure during the development of the mature cell. Moreover, pharmacological experiments indicate that there are distinct requirements for actin- and microtubule-dependent function during trichome morphogenesis. The F-actin–disrupting drug cytochalasin D does not affect the establishment of polarity during trichome development; however, maintenance and coordination of the normal pattern of cell growth are very sensitive to this drug. In contrast, oryzalin, an agent that depolymerizes microtubules, severely inhibits cell polarization. Furthermore, cytochalasin D treatment phenocopies a known class of mutations that cause distorted trichome morphology. Results of an analysis of cell shape and microfilament structure in wild-type, mutant, and drug-treated trichomes are consistent with a role for actin in the maintenance and coordination of an established growth pattern.




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