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Plant Cell, Vol. 10, 331-342, Copyright © 1998, American Society of Plant Physiologists

A Novel cis-Acting Element in Promoters of Plant B-Type Cyclin Genes Activates M Phase – Specific Transcription

Masaki Itoa, Masayuki Iwasea, Hiroaki Kodamab, Philippe Lavissea, Atsushi Komaminec, Ryuichi Nishihamad, Yasunori Machidad,e, and Akira Watanabea
a Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, Japan
b Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-81, Japan
c Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai, Tokyo 112, Japan
d Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
e Department of Plant Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-01, Japan

Correspondence to: Masaki Ito, masakito{at}biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp (E-mail), 81-3-3814-1728 (fax).

Plant B-type cyclin genes are expressed late in the G2 and M phases of the cell cycle. Previously, we showed that the promoter of a Catharanthus roseus B-type cyclin, CYM, could direct M phase–specific transcription of a ß-glucuronidase reporter gene in synchronously dividing BY2 tobacco cells. In this study, we determined the regulatory elements contained within the CYM promoter by using a luciferase reporter gene. Mutational analysis showed that a 9-bp element is essential for M phase–specific promoter activity in synchronized BY2 cells. The CYM promoter contains three other sequences similar to this element. A gain-of-function assay demonstrated that when fused to a heterologous promoter, these elements are sufficient for M phase–specific expression; therefore, we named these elements M-specific activators (MSAs). We found MSA-like sequences in B-type cyclin promoters from tobacco, soybean, and Arabidopsis as well as in the promoters of two M phase–specific genes, NACK1 and NACK2, which encode tobacco kinesin-like proteins. Thus, MSA may be a common cis-acting promoter element that controls M phase–specific expression of cell cycle–related genes in plants.




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